In Western medicine, Keratoconjunctivitis or dry eyes is understood as an inadequacy in tear production, leading to symptoms such as itching, redness, and blurred vision, and is more prevalent among women and those over 50 (The Epidemiology of dry eye disease, Ophthalmology, 2011). This condition can be associated with autoimmune diseases like Sjögren's syndrome, which targets the glands responsible for tear and saliva production (Fox, Rheumatology, 2005).

In contrast, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) offers three distinct etiological patterns. First, Liver Yin Deficiency involves a type of 'empty heat pattern,' often attributed to overwork and lack of rest, depleting body fluids and blood (Chen & Chen, "Chinese Medical Herbology and Pharmacology," 2004). Second, Kidney and Liver Yin Deficiency can lead to dizziness and insomnia, illustrating the interconnected nourishment between the kidneys and liver in TCM. Lastly, Liver Wind Agitating Internally is considered a chronic manifestation of Liver Yang rising, often instigated by emotional stress or poor diet. Both Western and TCM perspectives offer nuanced approaches to understanding and treating this complex condition.